A14 GUT-RESIDING BACTERIA CAN SHAPE HOST DRUG METABOLISM IN THE SMALL INTESTINE THROUGH AN INNATE LYMPHOID CELL-IL-22 DRIVEN AXIS

Lymphoid tissue inducer–like cells are an innate source of IL-17 and IL-22

The interleukin (IL) 17 family of cytokines has emerged to be critical for host defense as well as the pathogenesis of autoimmune and autoinflammatory disorders, and serves to link adaptive and innate responses. Recent studies have identified a new subset of T cells that selectively produce IL-17 (Th17 cells; Bettelli, E., T. Korn, and V.K. Kuchroo. 2007. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 19:652-657; Kolls,...

SIM2 maintains innate host defense of the small intestine.

The single-minded 2 (SIM2) protein is a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor regulating central nervous system (CNS) development in Drosophila. In humans, SIM2 is located within the Down syndrome critical region on chromosome 21 and may be involved in the development of mental retardation phenotype in Down syndrome. In this study, knockout of SIM2 expression in mice resulted in a gas dis...

A new player on the psoriasis block: IL-17A- and IL-22-producing innate lymphoid cells

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a recently discovered family of innate immune cells belonging to the lymphoid lineage, yet lacking antigen-specific receptors. ILCs were first identified in the intestinal tract, where they contribute to epithelial barrier integrity and host responses to commensal microbes. Teunissen et al. (in the current issue) and Villanova et al. (2014) now suggest an import...

CX3CR1+ mononuclear phagocytes support colitis-associated innate lymphoid cell production of IL-22

Interleukin (IL)-22-producing group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) promote mucosal healing and maintain barrier integrity, but how microbial signals are integrated to regulate mucosal protection offered by these cells remains unclear. Here, we show that in vivo depletion of CX₃CR1⁺ mononuclear phagocytes (MNPs) resulted in more severe colitis and death after infection with Citrobacter rodentium...

Acute-Phase Protein Induction Host-Resistance Network through IL-22 Participates in an Innate Anti-HIV-1